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An operating system (OS) is the essential software that acts as an intermediary between a computer's hardware and the user. It manages all software and hardware resources to provide a stable, efficient, and secure environment for applications to run. In short, the OS makes a computer useful.
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Linux is a family of open-source, Unix-like operating systems built around the Linux Kernel, developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991. There are many different distributions (distros) built around it including Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora etc.
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Spooling Simultaneous Peripheral Operations Online is an operating system technique used to manage input/output operations efficiently by temporarily storing data in a buffer until a device is ready to process it.
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A time sharing operating system allows multiple users to share a single computer resource simultaneously.
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In an operating system, the shell is a user interface that allows you to access the operating system's services. It is a program that acts as a layer between the user and the kernel, which is the core of the OS. The shell accepts commands or user input, interprets them, and then communicates with the kernel to execute the requested actions.
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macOS is the proprietary operating system developed by Apple Inc. for its Macintosh line of computers. Known for its user-friendly interface, strong performance, and seamless integration with the broader Apple ecosystem, macOS is the second most widely used desktop OS after Microsoft Windows.
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